{"id":2408,"date":"2023-11-05T12:00:00","date_gmt":"2023-11-05T11:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/de\/?p=2408"},"modified":"2024-09-11T10:27:53","modified_gmt":"2024-09-11T08:27:53","slug":"artificial-intelligence-machinery-safety","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/artificial-intelligence-machinery-safety\/","title":{"rendered":"Can Artificial Intelligence be safe?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

There is actu\u00adally no magic or wiz\u00adardry behind the term \u201cArti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence\u201d (AI). It is pure math\u00ade\u00admatics. Put simply, it is a pro\u00adgrammed code, which attempts to mimic human behav\u00adiour, the aim being to auto\u00admate human deci\u00adsions. The foun\u00adda\u00adtions for this tech\u00adnology were cre\u00adated back in the 60s. How\u00adever, it\u2019s not until now \u2013 with suit\u00adably pow\u00aderful hard\u00adware, new con\u00adcepts and new algo\u00adrithms \u2013 that the sub\u00adject has seen a huge upturn. These devel\u00adop\u00adments make AI tech\u00adnolo\u00adgies usable for industry, to the extent that experts are pre\u00addicting a rev\u00ado\u00adlu\u00adtion in the global economy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u201cArti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence is a syn\u00adonym for a rev\u00ado\u00adlu\u00adtion in data pro\u00adcessing.\u201d <\/p>\nLukas Elwinger, AI Engi\u00adneer at Pilz<\/strong><\/cite><\/blockquote>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u201cArti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence is a syn\u00adonym for a rev\u00ado\u00adlu\u00adtion in data pro\u00adcessing\u201d, Lukas Elwinger, AI Engi\u00adneer at Pilz, explains. \u201cIt will enable us to over\u00adcome chal\u00adlenges that until now could not be resolved by con\u00adven\u00adtional algo\u00adrithms and tech\u00adnolo\u00adgies. That in turn offers space for new busi\u00adness areas, busi\u00adness models, prod\u00aducts and ser\u00advices.\u201d The ulti\u00admate dis\u00adci\u00adpline is to bring Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence and machinery safety together. Because AI is what\u2019s called a black box: \u201cYou cannot pre\u00addict or com\u00adpre\u00adhend how a com\u00adplex system makes a deci\u00adsion\u201d, Lukas Elwinger explains. \u201cBut that is absolutely essen\u00adtial for func\u00adtional safety. Each reac\u00adtion of the safety system must be jus\u00adti\u00adfi\u00adable \u2013 even when it involves AI.\u201d Three com\u00adpo\u00adnents are rel\u00ade\u00advant when it comes to imple\u00admenting AI into machinery safety: safety and secu\u00adrity, trans\u00adparency and reli\u00ada\u00adbility<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Requirements for the use of AI in machinery safety<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Only when safety, trans\u00adparency and reli\u00ada\u00adbility fac\u00adtors have been ade\u00adquately researched, can Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence be imple\u00admented in machinery safety. \u00a9 Pilz GmbH & Co. KG, Ost\u00adfildern<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Enabling AI for machinery safety<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Where trans\u00adparency is con\u00adcerned, research is cur\u00adrently dealing with this pre\u00adcise aspect: the ability to explain why and how AI makes a deci\u00adsion. Experts are using Explain\u00adable AI to make the com\u00adplex system of AI under\u00adstand\u00adable and there\u00adfore trans\u00adparent for people. With regard to reli\u00ada\u00adbility, experts are using algo\u00adrithms and methods to quan\u00adtify uncer\u00adtainty. As a result, AI sys\u00adtems are indi\u00adcating how sure or unsure they are in their deci\u00adsion, recog\u00adnising invalid entries and reacting accord\u00adingly. Reli\u00ada\u00adbility can be fur\u00adther increased through appro\u00adpriate con\u00adcepts and archi\u00adtec\u00adtures. In the area of safety, research uses formal ver\u00adi\u00adfi\u00adca\u00adtion methods to verify whether AI is safe and error-free. All three com\u00adpo\u00adnents con\u00adtribute towards the max\u00adimum pos\u00adsible reli\u00ada\u00adbility and safety of AI in the indus\u00adtrial envi\u00adron\u00adment, and for the pro\u00adtec\u00adtion of humans. Because an all-encom\u00adpassing Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence that is equal to, or even exceeds, human intel\u00adli\u00adgence \u2013 often referred to in the media as \u201cstrong AI\u201d \u2013 does not yet exist. That means: an AI system will only work reli\u00adably for tasks that have been defined by humans, with pre-defined frame\u00adwork con\u00addi\u00adtions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What does the legislation say?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
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1. EU AI Act<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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The EU AI Act<\/strong><\/a>, a pro\u00adposed EU reg\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtion for Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence, pro\u00advides har\u00admonised rules for the devel\u00adop\u00adment, deploy\u00adment and use of AI sys\u00adtems within the EU, but also for the safety and fun\u00adda\u00admental rights of indi\u00advid\u00aduals. The AI Act goes beyond the require\u00adments of deploy\u00adment and exam\u00adines the whole product life\u00adcycle. One sen\u00adsi\u00adtive issue is the def\u00adi\u00adn\u00adi\u00adtion of an AI system, as this gov\u00aderns the whole scope of the reg\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtion. So far, algo\u00adrithms that are already in gen\u00aderal use can fall under the scope of the AI Act. How\u00adever, it remains to be seen what the final def\u00adi\u00adn\u00adi\u00adtion will be. Because the EU AI Act is cur\u00adrently still in the draft stage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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2. EU Machinery Regulation<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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The EU Machinery Reg\u00adu\u00adla\u00adtion<\/strong><\/a> already estab\u00adlishes that a con\u00adfor\u00admity assess\u00adment pro\u00adce\u00addure must be car\u00adried out when AI sys\u00adtems are used in func\u00adtional safety. Accord\u00adingly, safety-rel\u00ade\u00advant AI sys\u00adtems are listed as \u201chigh-risk machinery\u201d. For man\u00adu\u00adfac\u00adturers such as Pilz, this means that a con\u00adfor\u00admity assess\u00adment pro\u00adce\u00addure can only be car\u00adried out with the involve\u00adment of a noti\u00adfied body, even if the rel\u00ade\u00advant har\u00admonised stan\u00addards are applied.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

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3. ISO\/IEC CD TR 5469 \u201cArtificial Intelligence \u2014 Functional safety and AI systems\u201d<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
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Inter\u00adna\u00adtion\u00adally, work is underway on the devel\u00adop\u00adment of an ini\u00adtial stan\u00addard: ISO\/IEC CD TR 5469 \u201cArti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence \u2014 Func\u00adtional safety and AI sys\u00adtems\u201d.<\/strong> This deals explic\u00aditly with \u201cAI & Safety\u201d. Experts from Pilz will col\u00adlab\u00ado\u00adrate on this stan\u00addard in both national and inter\u00adna\u00adtional com\u00admit\u00adtees.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u201cIn the short term, we expect AI to achieve increased effi\u00adciency in pro\u00adduc\u00adtion. In the long term, we hope to be able to use Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence prof\u00aditably, even in a safety-rel\u00ade\u00advant envi\u00adron\u00adment\u201d, says Matthias Holz\u00e4pfel, Vice Pres\u00adi\u00addent Advance Devel\u00adop\u00adment at Pilz, looking to the future. AI-based object recog\u00adni\u00adtion, object tracking and sensor data fusion are ele\u00admen\u00adtary com\u00adpo\u00adnents for imple\u00admenting safe person detec\u00adtion, for example. Cur\u00adrently, such appli\u00adca\u00adtions can only be imple\u00admented at great engi\u00adneering expense. In the future, AI sys\u00adtems will be a nec\u00ades\u00adsary tool.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pilz has Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence in its sights. Our experts are working quite specif\u00adi\u00adcally with AI tech\u00adnology, and with cur\u00adrent research on AI and machinery safety. As a reli\u00adable safe automa\u00adtion partner, for whom the focus is on the pro\u00adtec\u00adtion of human and machine, Pilz will not leave the use of Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence to chance, how\u00adever, but will keep a crit\u00adical eye on the leg\u00adis\u00adla\u00adtion and the devel\u00adop\u00adment of stan\u00addards.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Prod\u00aducts for Indus\u00adtrie 4.0 on the Pilz web\u00adsite<\/a>
<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Since the pub\u00adli\u00adca\u00adtion of ChatGPT, everyone is talking about Arti\u00adfi\u00adcial Intel\u00adli\u00adgence. But can clever algo\u00adrithms, which gen\u00aderate texts for example, also be ground\u00adbreaking in safe automa\u00adtion? Yes, they can. How\u00adever, the ques\u00adtion that remains is: how? <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":29,"featured_media":2957,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"wp_typography_post_enhancements_disabled":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[51,45,11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-artificial-intelligence","category-issue-3-2023","category-trends"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/29"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2408"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3099,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2408\/revisions\/3099"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2957"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pilz-magazine.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}